Journal of Materials NanoScience
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns
<p><strong>Journal of Materials Nanoscience</strong> is now available on new platform at</p><p><a href="https://pubs.thesciencein.org/journal/index.php/jmns/">https://pubs.thesciencein.org/journal/index.php/jmns/</a> </p><p>New submissions and contents will be processed on new site (2022 onwards)</p>en-USJournal of Materials NanoScience2394-0867Graphene - properties, production and rising applications: A review
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1258
Out of all the 2D materials discovered until now, Graphene has been the hot topic to date. Graphene is a two dimensional-sp<sup>2</sup> bonded, single-layer membrane of a carbon atom tightly bonded in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice. The layers of graphene are piled up to form graphite. The single layers of graphene are held together by weak Vander Waal forces in graphite, which are then separated by exfoliation of graphene from graphite. Graphene has marvelous electrical, mechanical, and optical properties which makes it suitable for use in many modern technologies towards an excellent replacement to the other materials used by the industries. The remarkable properties and nature of graphene made it a very promising material for the future. This review discusses about fundamentals of graphene, properties that makes graphene an extraordinary material and its vast number of applicationsSrishti DehmiwalMeemansha Bahuguna
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2021-10-022021-10-02825163Viral infection mitigations using advanced nanomaterials and tools: lessons from SARS-CoV-2 for future prospective interventions
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1301
The emergence of recent corona virus SARS-CoV-2-led pandemic infection has generated the incessant demand for the evaluation and development of suitable advanced materials for controlling this and future unforeseen viral infections. The current nanoscience-based materials are being evaluated for possible appliances at different stages encompassing, fields locations for control, identification of virus spread, diagnosis of infection and potential therapeutic interventions by drug development. Assorted materials like carbon nanomaterials, metal nanoparticles, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic framework (COF) materials, 2D materials, optical tweezers, artificial cells, etc. have been extensively investigated for the diagnosis, protection, and as therapeutics for viral infections. Herein, the existing materials and nanotechnological tools proposed or evaluated for controlling different viral infections and specifically, COVID-19 are deliberated. An insightful exploration of the advances in materials science, nanoscience and nanobiotechnology has been kept in core focus with perspective for controlling the similar type of infections in future.Bhupender S. ChhikaraRajiv KumarPoonam .Parveen BazardRajender S. Varma
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2021-10-022021-10-02826482Implications of advance biomaterials in development of new contraceptive devices
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1300
Contraceptives are playing an integral role in maintaining human reproductive and sexual health in present society. Currently available contraceptives are based on the ease of applying, comfort during use, and activity period. The materials used in the development of contraceptives can be a determining factor towards the desired features for possible adoption. Here, in this review, we have discussed the important and futuristic contraceptives in terms of biomaterials used in the production and techniques which can be used as inspiration for better contraceptives in the future. Especially, this review discusses long-acting reversible hormonal contraceptives, Intrauterine Devices (IUDs), oral pills, vaginal rings, and patches along with the comparison of these with several polymer-composite-based implants for contraception. The overall analysis indicated possible development of better contraception devices in near future, particularly with further improvements in biomaterials that are used for the production of advanced multipurpose polymer-composite-based contraceptive implants.Sandarbh KumarSubham HotaRoylan PaisKuna DasTamojit SantraSantosh Misra
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2021-08-232021-08-23822334X-ray and Raman Study of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Nanocrystals
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1241
<p>Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite nanocrystals have gained a considerable attention for optoelectronics applications due to their unique properties like high light absorption coefficient, band gap tunability and larger diffusion length. In this research, ligand-assisted reprecipitation method (LARP) was employed to synthesize CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> nanocrystals (NCs). The optical and structural properties of nanocrystals depend on their size. X-ray diffraction (XRD)  and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques were used to determine the crystal structure, particle size distribution and surface to volume ratio of CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> nanocrystals. The organic–inorganic interactions of  CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub>  nanocrystals were studied by Raman spectra at room temperature. This study will provide the basis to interpret the morphological properties of perovskite nanocrystals for their full exploitation in different optoelectronics applications.</p>Gopal Krishna BurraDhriti Sundar GhoshSanjay Tiwari
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2021-07-312021-07-31821622Biosynthesis of Silver nanoparticles using Olive Wastewater
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1200
Biosynthesis of the metallic nanoparticle is gaining importance because it is a single-step process, nontoxic, environmentally acceptable, and easily scaled up. The present study investigated the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via reacting olive wastewater filtrate (OWF) with silver nitrate, and the formation of AgNPs was confirmed by a color change of the reaction mixture and visible spectrophotometry. Additionally, the influence of pH, reaction time, AgNO<sub>3</sub> concentration, temperature, and OWF volume on the proposed method was investigated. It was found that with increasing the mentioned parameters, the formation of the AgNPs was increased under the experimental conditions. The results showed that OWF represented a promising material for the biosynthesis of AgNPs.Abdounasser Albasher OmarNawal Abdurazq AhmadMawada Moftah RajabNour Elhoda BerrishaAmani Almabrouk AlnakkaaBushra Adel AlshareefRana Rajab Qadmour
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2021-03-292021-03-29821115In vitro anticancer and antitubercular activities of cellulose-magnetite nanocomposite synthesized using deep eutectic solvent as a dispersant
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1184
<p>In the current scenario, DESs are persuasive greener solvents for the successful synthesis of different nanostructures due to their tunable properties with enhanced applications. We report here the successful formation of a nanocomposite based on cellulose and magnetite nanoparticles. The method of isolating cellulose from fruit shells of <em>Limonia acidissima </em>(L.) as detailed in the work is described for the first time to the best of our knowledge. Magnetite nanoparticles are synthesized through the cost effective co-precipitation method and DES embracing choline chloride and fructose is used as a non-toxic dispersant for the synthesis of cellulose-magnetite nanocomposite. Various physiochemical parameters like compositional, structural, morphological and magnetic properties are analyzed using FTIR, XRD, HRTEM, SAED and VSM techniques. Anticancer and antitubercular activities, performed by MTT and LRP assays respectively, reveals that the IC<sub>50 </sub>values for cellulose, magnetite and cellulose-magnetite nanocomposite are found to be 20.65 µg/ml, 44.66 µg/ml and 8.685 µg/ml and cellulose-magnetite nanocomposite shows 51.95% inhibition at 200 µg/ml concentration against <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em>. The obtained results suggest that the prepared cellulose-magnetite nanocomposite can serve as a potential candidate for drug designing with the use of green solvents.</p>Swathi Pon Sakthi Sri. VMary George
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2021-02-112021-02-1182110SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus and nanoscale particles trapping, tracking and tackling using nanoaperture optical tweezers: A recent advances review
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1174
Recent advances in nanoscale technologies have provided advanced tools that can be easily used to trap, track, and manipulate individual nanoscale particles and viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza viruses accurately. Among the promising strategies that exist to date, optical forces based techniques are the leading tools in this task. Perfectly, focused lasers act as “optical tweezers,†and can trap individual particles and viruses. These forces can be applied to study nanomaterials, viruses, the building blocks of a quantum computer, and collision processes occurring between molecules in a better way than ever before. These cutting-edge tools are capable of trapping, tracking, and manipulating at the nanoscale in three dimensions. The optical tweezers have been used within biological and nanotechnological fields for trapping, tracking, and manipulating nanoparticles, and viruses with high flexibility, precision, and integration. The outcomes are important breakthroughs in the field of molecular mechanics. Here, we review the state-of-the-art optical tools employed in optical trapping, tracking, and manipulation of different particles at the nanoscale. The trapping of nanoparticles down to single-digit nanometer range and individual SARS-CoV-2 are the main features discussed here. Optical tweezers are also capable of sizing and probing acoustic modes of a small virus such as SARS-CoV-2 and influenza. The optical tweezers can perform tracking of nanoparticles in three?dimensional with high?resolution by forwarding scattered light. Optical tweezers are used to grab single molecules and measure events that are occurring and employed for measuring forces and measuring distance. A miniature and modular system creates a reliable and mobile optical trap that has more potential to be applied in optical trapping technologies.Rajiv KumarKiran GuliaM.P. ChaudharyM.A. Shah
Copyright (c) 2020 ScienceIn Publications
2020-12-022020-12-02827992Mechanical and structural properties of aluminium nanocomposites reinforced with cerium oxide nanoparticles fabricated by powder metallurgy
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1173
(1) Al + CeO<sub>2</sub> [where,  0, 1, 2, 3 & 4wt.%] nanocomposites were synthesised by powder metallurgy method. The structural and mechanical properties of the synthesised nanocomposites were studied in details. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the formation of ceria (CeO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles with face centered cubic (fcc) structure with an average crystallite size of 12.80nm by co-precipitation technique. The structural analysis of the nanocomposites confirms the uniform dispersion of CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles in Al-matrix. There is a significant development in the hardness value Al was observed due to CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles and maximum hardness value was obtained for 2wt.% CeO<sub>2 </sub>in Al-matrix whereas an increase in wear is observed for Al-CeO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposites as compared to aluminium. The corrosion analysis confirms the increase in corrosion resistance of Al-CeO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite with maximum corrosion resistance efficiency of 83.75% for 4wt.% CeO<sub>2</sub> in Al matrix.Naveen KumarKumar NavinRichard J. BallRajnish Kurchania
Copyright (c) 2020 ScienceIn Publications
2020-11-272020-11-27827378Understanding the role of Al2O3 formed during isothermal oxidation in a dual phase AlCoCrFeNi2.1 Eutectic High-Entropy Alloy
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1172
In recent times, there has been a significant volume of work on Eutectic High Entropy Alloys (EHEAs) owing to their remarkable castability combined with excellent mechanical properties, which aids in clearing obstacles for their technological applications. One of the most common EHEAs, which has been of huge interest, at present, primarily owing to its solidification and tensile behavior, is AlCoCrFeNi<sub>2.1</sub>. However, in order to aim for high temperature applications, oxidation behaviour of material is one of the major aspects which needs to be extensively investigated. To this end, the present work aims to study the phases evolved during oxidation at elevated temperatures as high as 950 and 1000<sup>o</sup>C in AlCoCrFeNi<sub>2.1 </sub>using XRD and also to determine the rate law followed for isothermal oxidation of  this alloy at 950 and 1000<sup>o</sup>C, in order to understand the role of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> phase formed during isothermal oxidation at 950 and 1000<sup>o</sup>C.Mainak Saha
Copyright (c) 2020 ScienceIn Publications
2020-11-022020-11-02826872Microwave-assisted synthesis of copper nanoparticles: influence of copper nanoparticles morphology on the antimicrobial activity
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1091
<div><p class="05Keyword">Among the several transition metals known to mankind, the synthesis of Cu has remained a major challenge owing to their instinctive oxidative power under ambient conditions. Microwave assisted synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using different types of copper-β-diketonates complexesand glycine as reducing agent. The morphology, size, and structural properties of obtained nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS) techniques. The results of FE-SEM exhibited that the CuNPs of various shapes and size, depended upon the type of copper-β-diketonates complexes used. Furthermore, all the CuNPs exhibited good antimicrobial activity against both, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The result shows that, the cubic CuNPs derived from Cu(acac)<sub>2</sub> demonstrated a better antibacterial activity against both bacterial strains. </p></div>Ravikumar NaikS. A. ShivashankarP.J. Bindu
Copyright (c) 2020 ScienceIm Publications
2020-08-142020-08-14826267Nanoparticles in radiopharmaceutical sciences: Review of the fundamentals, characterization techniques and future challenges
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1084
Nanoparticles are important players in modern medicine, with broad clinical applications ranging from contrast agents in imaging to carriers for drug and gene delivery into tumors. They combine the advantages of multiplexed analytical tools in a single support, offering new possibilities for targeting, sensing and curing pathologies, particularly in nuclear medicine. There is a trend towards integrating the diagnostic and therapeutic functions of nanoparticles, resulting in significantly improved and personalized treatment of disease. Various kinds of nanoparticles for cancer imaging and therapy were engineered since the last decade. For clinical translation, pharmacokinetics and toxicity must be evaluated to meet FDA or Eur. Pharmacopeia requirements. To this aim, a full and exhaustive characterization of these systems must be done such as morphology; chemical composition, surface charge, size and size distribution. The different analytical methods that could fully characterizing nanoparticles are reviewed; together with their advantages, drawbacks and limitations.Sandrine HUCLIER-MARKAICyrille AlliotSerge Battu
Copyright (c) 2020 ScienceIn Publications
2020-07-022020-07-02823661Synthesis of blue light emitting 5-carboxylicacid-2-arylsubstituted benzimidazoles as photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1051
A series of 5-Carboxylic Acid-2-Aryl substituted Benzimidazoles <strong>3a-c</strong>, were synthesized and their Photo- physical, Electrochemical and DSSCs performance were studied. The UV-vis absorption and Photoluminescence (PL) Spectra of the compounds <strong>3b</strong> and <strong>3c</strong> exhibited intense deep-blue emissions with PL maximum at around 380, 382 and 400 nm (Fig. 3). Incidentally, their PL quantum yields (Φf) in solutions were found to be 0.36, 041 and 0.46 respectively. Thus, their emission spectrum displayed a broad FWHM feature extending to a longer-wavelength region, promoting the <em>y </em>value of the CIE resulting in a sky-blue emission of the Dyes <strong>3a-c</strong>. Further, the good thermal stability and small FWHMs of the dyes <strong>3a-c</strong> indicates as promising compounds for deep-blue emitters in OLEDs. The Photovoltaic performances of the Solar Cells fabricated from the prepared Electrodes under AM1.5 Solar irradiation (85 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>) are shown in Fig. 6. The Short-circuit Current Density (<em>J</em><sub>SC</sub>), Open-circuit Voltage (<em>V</em><sub>OC</sub>), Fill Factor (FF) and overall Conversion Efficiency (<em>η</em>) clearly reveals that the Dye <strong>3c</strong> shows higher efficiency (2.87 %) contributed by high value of <em>J</em><sub>SC</sub>, <em>V</em><sub>OC</sub> and FF.T V. B. NagaveniK. M. MahadevanRavikumar NaikT. O. Shrungesh Kumara
Copyright (c) 2020 ScienceIm Publications
2020-06-252020-06-25822428Doxorubicin-loaded magnetic nanoparticles downregulate expression of anti-apoptotic genes in resistant breast cancer cells
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/1039
In this research, surface of magnetic nanoparticles (IO-NPs) were coated with dextran polymer (Dex-IO-NPs) in which dextran provides both cavities for drug loading and drug stability. Dex-IO-NPs were synthesized by co-precipitation of iron salts with ammonium hydroxide in the presence of dextran solution. Dex-IO-NPs were then characterized by FTIR, TGA, TEM, SEM and VSM analyses. Doxorubicin was loaded on Dex-IO-NPs (Dox-Dex-IO-NPs) and applied to breast cancer (MCF-7) and Doxorubicin resistant (MCF-7/1000nM-Dox) breast cancer cell lines. Dex-IO-NPs were highly internalized and localized within the cells. Importantly, the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC<sub>50</sub>) of Dox-Dex-IO-NPs were 0.8 µM and 25 µM in MCF-7 and MCF-7/1000nMDox cells respectively, which were 2 and 7 times more effective in cell death with respect to free Doxorubicin. The release of anti-cancer agent from Dox-Dex-IO-NPs occurs with natural degradation of Dextran, and allows nuclear uptake of Doxorubicin, which results an increase in the efï¬cacy of Doxorubicin. The anti-apoptotic genes were downregulated in Dox-Dex-IO-NPs treated cells as compared to free Doxorubicin treated cells, revealing the higher cytotoxicity and apoptotic potential of Dox-Dex-IO-NPs. These results may imply that Dex-IO-NPs particles can have a potential to be an efficient tool for drug delivery in breast cancer therapy.Serap YAlçınPelin MutluGözde UnsoyRouhollah KhodadustUfuk Gunduz
Copyright (c) 2020 ScienceIm Publications
2020-06-222020-06-22822935Curcumin loaded Silica Nanoparticles and their therapeutic applications: A review
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/989
Silica nanoparticles offer a promising platform for the delivery of drugs, in particular for the drugs which lack water solubility, target capability and have non-specific distribution, systematic toxicity and low therapeutic index. In this review, we focus on the synthesis and therapeutic (particularly, anti-cancer) applications of Curcumin loaded Silica Nanoparticles. Various surface modifications of silica nanoparticles have been discussed that are used to enhance their therapeutic applications. The characterization techniques and study of their biocompatibility have also been presented.Parul PantChetna GuptaSagar KumarApoorva GrewalShivani GargAishwarya Rai
Copyright (c) 2020 iScienceIm Publications
2020-01-072020-01-0782118Role of polarized tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in the enhancement of interface optical phonon modes in AlGaN multi-quantum wells
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/963
<p class="MainText">One Group III nitride based two-dimensional multi-quantum well (MQW) nanostructures find remarkable applications in the visible to ultraviolet light sources. The interface optical (IFO) phonon modes in a <em>c</em>-axis oriented superlattice of [Al<sub>0.35</sub>Ga<sub>0.65</sub>N (~1.75 nm)/Al<sub>0.55</sub>Ga<sub>0.45</sub>N (~2nm)]<sub>20 </sub>MQWs are observed using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (TERS) studies. The near-field studies using TERS probe with an Au spherical nanoparticle of ~ 200 nm diameter were carried out at ambient conditions showing approximately two to three orders of enhancement in the Raman intensities. The interface phonon mode belonging to <em>E</em><sub>1</sub> symmetry [IFO(<em>E</em><sub>1</sub>)] vibrating normal to the <em>c</em>-axis of MQWs appeared to be more prominent in the case of TERS measurement compared to that for the other interface phonon mode of <em>A</em><sub>1</sub> symmetry. The confined electric field of the polarized electro-magnetic excitation using TERS probe, parallel to the plane of the interface of MQW, is made responsible for the plasmonic enhancement of IFO(<em>E</em><sub>1</sub>) phonon mode. The confinement was verified using finite-difference time-domain simulation.</p>A.K. SivadasanPrajit DharaChirantan SinghaRaktima BasuSantanu ParidaA. BhattacharyyaKishore K. MadapuSandip Dhara
Copyright (c) 2020 iScienceIm Publications
2020-01-022020-01-02821923Novel Synthesis and Optical Investigations of Trivalent Europium Doped MGd2Si3O10 (M = Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+) Nanophosphors for Full-Color Displays
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/932
<p class="04Abstract">A series of Eu<sup>3+ </sup>doped MGd<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>3</sub>O<sub>10</sub> (M = Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Sr<sup>2+</sup> and Ba<sup>2+</sup>) was synthesized via sol-gel procedure at 950<sup> o</sup>C. The optical characteristics of the materials were studied by Photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra. Upon 395 nm excitation and at 0.03 mole concentration of Eu<sup>3+</sup> ion, these nanophosphors display optimum photoluminescence with most intense peak due to <sup>5</sup>D<sub>0</sub>→<sup>7</sup>F<sub>2</sub> (614-616) of dopant. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis proves that all synthesized materials are of crystalline nature and crystallinity improves on increasing temperature. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) exhibited the spherical shape of particles in 13-30 nm size. Fourier Transformation infrared (FTIR) spectra showed peaks in 400-1000 cm<sup>-1</sup> corresponding to gadolinium-oxygen and silicon-oxygen bond vibrations. <span>In BaGd<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>3</sub>O<sub>10 </sub>material, Gd-O vibration is centered at 492 cm<sup>-1</sup></span> and absorption band at 855 cm<sup>-1</sup> is result of asymmetric vibrations of SiO in silicate tetrahedral unit. Due to excellent photoluminescence and suitable CIE coordinates, these materials could have brilliant applications in innovative displays.</p>Devender SinghSuman SheoranSitender SinghAjay MannAnura SimantillekeBernabe Mari
Copyright (c) 2019 iScienceIm Publications
2019-10-062019-10-06827381Low-temperature microwave-assisted synthesis and antifungal activity of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/856
<p class="04Abstract">Nanoparticle ferrite with chemical formula CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was prepared from the Co (II) and Fe (III) 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-coumarin metal complexes by solution based one-pot microwave assisted technique. Single phase structure of CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ferrites nanoparticles was confirmed using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX analysis. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) showed that the particle size of the samples in the range of (15Â nm). The hysteresis studies showed ferromagnetic behaviour at room temperature. The antifungal activity of CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticle was investigated against <em>A.flavus</em> and <em>Â A. niger</em> by employing disc diffusion method. According to the results obtained, CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> is a potential material for antifungal diseases. The CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4 </sub>nanoparticles could be readily separated from water solution after the disinfection process by applying an external magnetic field.</p>Ravikumar NaikNaveen JoshiS.A. ShivashankarP.J. Bindu
Copyright (c) 2019 Integrated Science Publications
2019
2019-09-242019-09-24826772Critical evaluation of pharmaceutical rational design of Nano-Delivery systems for Doxorubicin in Cancer therapy
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/929
Doxorubicin (Dox), an antineoplastic drug, has been extensively used for the treatment of different cancers. Dox is hydrophilic and therefore distributes to normal organs at a faster rate. Due to its required high doses, it poses severe toxicity, such as cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Diverse approaches, including nanoparticulate delivery systems, have been designed and evaluated to improve its delivery to the target site and reduce toxicity to normal organs; however, this has met little success. Here in this review, we have discussed various systems (metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, liposomes, dendrimers, cyclic peptides, and other covalent/non-covalent systems) that have been used for Dox. We have critically evaluated their designing and outcome (<em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>) with potential applications in the clinical setting.Bhupender S. ChhikaraBrijesh RathiKeykavous Parang
Copyright (c) 2019 iScienceIm Publications
2019-09-022019-09-02824766Photodiodes: Principles and recent advances
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/905
Photodiodes are on the rise. In the past decade many efforts have been made to deliver cheaper, more flexible, and increasingly better performing photodiode devices. The demand for enhanced optoelectronics led to the development of new inorganic, organic, and hybrid materials. In this review we describe in detail the working principles, the characterization, fabrication (types and architectures) and major applications of photodiodes. Recent applications, mainly in imaging, sensing and healthcare are also presented.Rita F. PiresVasco D. B. Bonifácio
Copyright (c) 2019 iScienceIm Publications
2019-07-112019-07-11823846Improved electrochemical performance of free standing electrospun graphene incorporated carbon nanofibers for supercapacitor
https://pubs.iscience.in/journal/index.php/jmns/article/view/872
<p class="04Abstract">In this paper, we report the fabrication of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) by electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)with different concentrations followed by stabilization and carbonization in a tubular quartz furnace. To improve the electrochemical performance, graphene nanosheets have been used to prepare porous graphene/carbon nanofibers (G-CNFs). The morphology of the porous G-CNFs were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Diameter of CNFs and G-CNFs were found to be in the range of 400 – 500 nm reveals the fibers in nanoscale with high porosity. The electrochemical performance of as-synthesized CNFs and G-CNFs was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The CV curve of the pure CNFs show distorted rectangular shape whereas CV curve of G-CNFs exhibit a nearly rectangle-shaped profile which is the characteristic of an ideal electric double-layer capacitor. The improved electrochemical performance of G-CNFs is due to the improved internal electrical conductivity of G-CNFs via graphene nanosheets interlaying.</p>Dipti V JamkarBalkrishna J. LokhandeSubhash B Kondawar
Copyright (c) 2019 iScienceIN Publications
2019-06-072019-06-07823237